Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 AIRCREW : Pilot Licenses
Revision from August 2023

• EASA - AIRCREW :
  • Easy Access Rules for Aircrew (Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011) ( Easy Access )
  • List of Revisions ( Easy Access )
  • Incorporated Amendments ( Easy Access )
  • COVER REGULATION ( Easy Access )
  • ANNEX I : [PART FCL] - Flight Crew Licencing ( Easy Access )
  • ANNEX IV : [PART MED] - Medical ( Easy Access )
  • ANNEX VI : [PART ARA] - Authority Requirements for Aircrew ( Easy Access )
  • ANNEX VII : [PART ORA] - Organisation Requirements for Aircrew ( Easy Access )
  • ANNEX VIII : [PART-DTO] - Declared Training Organisation ( Easy Access )
• FRANCE :
  • FRANCE - Arrêté du 10 octobre 2018 relatif à l'application du règlement (UE) n° 1178/2011 ( Légifrance )

AMC1 DTO.GEN.230 DTO training programme - ED Decision 2018/009/R

1. The DTO training programme should include at least the following information:
   1. the aim of the course;
   2. crediting of previous experience and pre-entry requirements (including appropriate procedures for students that wish to complete their training after having started at a different training organisation);
   3. a list of all air and FSTD exercises to be taught, including a description of the objective of each exercise;
   4. a syllabus summary;
   5. structure and content of the theoretical knowledge instruction;
   6. structure of the entire course and integration of theoretical knowledge instruction, FSTD and flight training;
   7. student progress checks for theoretical knowledge and flight training, as appropriate.
2. When developing the training programme for a type rating course, in addition to complying with the mandatory training elements included in the operational suitability data (OSD), as established in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 ³⁴ , the DTO should also follow any further recommendations (i.e. acceptable means of compliance (AMC)) contained therein.

¹ Commission Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 of 3 August 2012 laying down implementing rules for the airworthiness and environmental certification of aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, as well as for the certification of design and production organisations (OJ L 224, 21.8.2012, p. 1), as amended.

AMC1 DTO.GEN.240 Training aircraft and FSTDs - ED Decision 2018/009/R

1. The number of training aircraft may be affected by:
   1. the availability of FSTDs; and
   2. the number of aerodromes and operating sites of the DTO (cf. AMC1 DTO.GEN.115(a)(2)).
2. Each training aircraft should be:
   1. equipped as required in the training specifications concerning the exercise for which it is used;
   2. except in the case of balloons or single-seat aircraft, fitted with primary flight controls that are instantly accessible by both the student and the instructor (for example, dual flight controls or a centre control stick); swing-over flight controls should not be used.
3. The fleet should include, as appropriate to the training courses:
   1. in the case of aeroplanes and sailplanes, aircraft suitable for demonstrating stalling and spin avoidance;
   2. in the case of helicopters, helicopters suitable for autorotation demonstration;
   3. FSTDs; each FSTD should be equipped as required in the training specifications concerning the course for which it is used.
4. One single aircraft that has all the required characteristics of a training aircraft mentioned in (b) and (c) above may be sufficient.

GM1 DTO.GEN.240 Training aircraft and FSTDs - ED Decision 2018/009/R

The DTO is required to use an adequate fleet of training aircraft. However, a DTO is not required to own the aircraft used. In any case, the DTO has the responsibility to use airworthy and appropriately equipped, certified and insured aircraft and FSTDs, as relevant to the particular training exercise.

AMC3 DTO.GEN.240 Training aircraft and FSTDs - ED Decision 2020/005/R

EVALUATION PROCESS

Two cases for the evaluation process of Annex-I aircraft are distinguished:

1. Annex-I aircraft that hold an ICAO-level certificate of airworthiness (CoA)
   1. To support the evaluation process performed by the competent authority and provide the competent authority with sufficient data related to the aircraft in question, an instructor who is qualified in accordance with Annex I (Part-FCL) to Regulation (EU) No 1187/2011 and nominated by the head of training (HT) of the DTO should assess that the aircraft is appropriately equipped and suitable for the training courses provided. The result of this assessment should be submitted to the competent authority and may be included already in the application for the authorisation.
   2. During the evaluation process, the competent authority should consider aircraft that hold a CoA issued in accordance with Annex 8 to the Chicago Convention to provide a level of safety comparable to that required by Annex II to the Basic Regulation, unless the competent authority determines that the airworthiness requirements used for certification of the aircraft, or the service experience, or the safety system of the State of design, do not provide for a comparable level of safety.
2. Annex-I aircraft that do not hold an ICAO-level CoA
   Before the inclusion of these aircraft in the fleet of an DTO and their use in training to obtain Part-FCL licences and ratings, the DTO should apply for the authorisation to the competent authority that should perform the evaluation process in the following order:
   1. Initial assessment by the competent authority and criteria taken into consideration
      The competent authority should take into account the following criteria (non-exhaustive list):
      1. national airworthiness requirements based on which the aircraft CoA was issued;
      2. aircraft similarities to a certified variant;
      3. aircraft with a satisfactory in-service experience as training aircraft;
      4. simple and conventional aircraft design;
      5. aircraft that does not have hazardous design features or details, judging by experience; and
      6. operable aircraft systems, equipment, and appliances that do not require exceptional skills or strength.
   2. Additional assessment by a qualified instructor
      To support the evaluation process performed by the competent authority and provide the competent authority with sufficient data related to the aircraft in question, after the positive initial assessment by the competent authority as per point (1), an instructor who is qualified in accordance with Part-FCL and nominated by the HT of the DTO should show through an evaluation report that the aircraft is appropriately equipped and suitable for the training courses provided. That evaluation report should consider all the following criteria:
      1. the aircraft should be safely controllable and manoeuvrable under all anticipated operating conditions, including after failure of one or more propulsion systems;
      2. the aircraft should allow for a smooth transition from one flight phase to another without requiring exceptional piloting skills, alertness, strength, or workload under any probable operating conditions;
      3. the aircraft should have sufficient stability to ensure that the demands made on the pilot are not excessive, considering the phase and duration of flight; and
      4. the assessment should take into account control forces, flight deck environment, pilot workload, and other human factors (HF) considerations, depending on the phase and duration of flight.
   Subject to a positive evaluation report as per point (2), the competent authority should issue the authorisation.

AMC1 DTO.GEN.250 Aerodromes and operating sites - ED Decision 2018/009/R

GENERAL

1. Except in the case of balloons, the base aerodrome or operating site and any other aerodromes or operating sites at which flight training is being conducted should have at least the following facilities:
   1. at least one runway or final approach and take-off area (FATO) that allows training aircraft to make a normal take-off or landing within the performance limits of all the aircraft used for the training flights at that aerodrome or operating site;
   2. a wind direction indicator that is visible at ground level from the ends of each runway or at the appropriate holding points;
   3. adequate runway electrical lighting, if used for night training;
   4. an air traffic service (ATS), except for uncontrolled aerodromes or operating sites where the training requirements may be satisfied safely by another acceptable means of communication.
2. In addition to (a), for helicopters, training sites should be available for:
   1. confined area operation training;
   2. simulated engine-off autorotation; and
   3. sloping ground operation.
3. In the case of balloons, the take-off sites used by the DTO should allow a normal take-off and clearing of all obstacles in the take-off flight path by at least 50 ft.
4. By way of derogation from paragraphs (a) to (c) above, for training that needs to take place in a specific environment (training for mountain rating, training on seaplanes), the training sites used should have the characteristics and facilities that are necessary to ensure a safe conduct of the training.

AMC1 DTO.GEN.250(b) Aerodromes and operating sites - ED Decision 2018/009/R

SUFFICIENT RESOURCES OF A DTO THAT PROVIDES TRAINING FOR AEROPLANES OR HELICOPTERS AT MORE THAN ONE AERODROME OR OPERATING SITE

1. Deputy heads of training should meet the same qualification requirements as set out in AMC1 DTO.GEN.210(a)(2) for the head of training (HT).
2. The DTO should have the necessary number of instructors (point DTO.GEN.210(d) and (e)) as well as the necessary number of training aircraft (point DTO.GEN.240) in place to ensure proper training at all aerodromes and operating sites.
3. At each aerodrome or operating site of the DTO, the DTO should have in place the facilities (point DTO.GEN.215) as appropriate for the type of training carried out at each aerodrome or operating site.